Chelonian Research Foundation

“A PRE-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DEEP BREATHING EXERCISES ON THE RESPIRATORY STATUS AMONG PETROL PUMP WORKERS FROM SELECTED AREAS OF PUNE CITY”

2024-04-21T19:14:21+00:00

Introduction: The respiratory rate is the rate at which breathing occurs; it is set and controlled by the respiratory center of the brain. A person's respiratory rate is usually measured in breaths per minute. The respiratory rate in humans is measured by counting the number of breaths for one minute through counting how many times the chest rises. A fibre-optic breath rate sensor can be used for monitoring patients during a magnetic resonance imaging scan. Respiration rates may increase with fever, illness, or other medical conditions.

Aims of the Study: The study aims to assess the effectiveness of deep breathing exercises in improving the respiratory status of petrol pump workers in selected areas of Pune city. It also seeks to evaluate any measurable changes in respiratory parameters following the intervention.

Methodology: The present study followed a quantitative research approach using a pre-experimental one-group pretest–post-test design. Data was collected from petrol pump workers in selected areas of Pune city. Based on the sample size calculation, 60 participants were included, selected through a non-probability purposive sampling method. To evaluate the effectiveness of deep breathing exercises on the respiratory status of workers, a structured questionnaire was used, and the reliability of the tool was assessed using the test–retest method. The investigator computed the r-value, which was found to be +0.9720, indicating a high level of reliability.

Results: Most participants were middle-aged males with secondary or lower education, prolonged exposure to petrol/diesel fumes, smoking habits, and poor use of protective equipment—factors that increased their risk of respiratory problems. Pre-test findings showed that 68.33% had low respiratory status, indicating poor respiratory health. Post-test results revealed a marked improvement, with 85% of participants achieving high or adequate respiratory status and none remaining in the low category. The t-test showed the intervention was highly effective (t = 22.59, p = 0.00001), and chi-square analysis indicated no significant association between respiratory status and demographic variables.

Conclusion: Deep breathing exercises were found to be highly effective in improving the respiratory status of petrol pump workers. A significant difference between pre- and post-test scores confirmed the intervention’s effectiveness, while demographic variables showed no significant association. This highlights deep breathing as a simple, low-cost, and feasible method to promote respiratory health among workers exposed to harmful fumes.

INDONESIAN TRADITIONAL HERBAL MEDICINE AS AN ANTI-VIRAL AGENT

2024-04-24T07:41:30+00:00

Background. Traditional herbal medicine has been effectively used to treat various diseases for hundreds or even thousands of years, as mentioned in ancient manuscripts, textbooks, and pharmacopoeias. Since ancient times, herbal therapy has played a crucial role in combating infectious diseases. BPOM distribution permits are needed to maintain the safety of drugs in circulation. A distribution permit is a permit for Drugs and Food produced by manufacturers and/or imported by importers of Drugs and Food that will be distributed in the territory of the Republic of Indonesia based on an assessment of safety, quality, and usefulness.

Aims. This study aims to investigate the legal process of HV Care as an antiviral, as per the Indonesian Food and Drug Control Agency (BPOM).

Method. The experimental method is used in the research, from preparing raw materials to processing, until it becomes a finished product, followed by the legal process to obtain a distribution permit.

Result. The herbal medicine formulation utilizes extracts obtained from vendors who have already received certification from BPOM. The raw materials are then mixed according to the predetermined dose, mashed, sifted, and packaged into capsules. The distribution permit process is submitted to BPOM through various stages, including registration and laboratory results for the submitted formula, as well as the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for formula preparation.

Conclusion. HV Care is an herbal medicine with the composition of meniran (Phyllanthus Urinaria Folium), Temu mango (Curcuma amada Rhizome), Curcuma Zanthorrhiza Rhizome, Sambiloto ( Andrographis Paniculata Folium). It is helpful as an antiviral for HIV sufferers in particular and other viral diseases. HV Care has been processed by the standards of the Indonesian Food and Drug Control Agency (BPOM) and holds a POMTR223008931 distribution permit, enabling it to be distributed in the community.

BIOSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING CLEOME VISCOSA LEAVES EXTRACT AND EVOLUTION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

2024-04-22T11:16:16+00:00

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles was successfully done using Cleome viscosa leaf extract by simple, rapid, eco-friendly and a cheaper method. In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized using leaf extract from C. viscosa, which facilitated the reduction of silver nitrate into silver ions. The obtained AgNPs were characterized by UV, FTIR, XRD and SEM-EDX analysis. The presence of biosynthesized AgNPs was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy and also crystal nature of AgNPs confirmed through XRD analysis; FT-IR spectrum was used to confirm the presence of different functional groups in the biomolecules which act as a reducing and capping agent for the nanoparticles. The morphology of the synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was examined using SEM, and their silver content was verified through elemental analysis. The green-synthesized AgNPs displayed effective antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.

A PRE-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS EFFECTIVENESS OF NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL STRATEGIES ON PAIN AMONG LEUKEMIA PATIENT RECEIVING CHEMOTHERAPY FROM SELECTED PEDIATRIC ONCOLOGY UNIT OF PUNE CITY.

2024-04-21T19:07:47+00:00

Introduction: Pain is a frequent and distressing symptom among pediatric leukemia patients receiving chemotherapy, negatively affecting their physical, emotional, and psychological well-being. While chemotherapy is essential for eradicating malignant cells, it also damages healthy tissues, resulting in neuropathic pain, mucositis, and other discomforts. Pharmacological agents such as opioids and NSAIDs, though effective, carry adverse effects including sedation, nausea, constipation, and the risk of dependency, making safer adjunctive approaches desirable. Non-pharmacological strategy—such as smiley ball therapy—are non-invasive, cost-effective, and particularly suited for children, but evidence specific to pediatric leukemia is limited.

Methodology: This pre-experimental one-group pre-test post-test study assessed the effectiveness of non-pharmacological strategies in reducing pain among pediatric leukemia patients undergoing chemotherapy in the pediatric oncology unit of Bharati Hospital, Pune. Fifty children aged 5–16 years, diagnosed with leukemia and receiving chemotherapy, were selected via non-probability purposive sampling. Pain levels were measured using the standardized Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale before and after the intervention. Content validity was ensured through expert review, and tool reliability was confirmed (r = 0.7043) using the test-retest method.

Results: Pre-intervention results showed that 46% of participants experienced moderate pain and 44% severe pain, with a mean score of 6.82 (SD = 1.94). Post-intervention, 50% reported mild pain, 14% no pain, and only 4% severe pain, with a reduced mean score of 3.18 (SD = 1.61). A paired t-test revealed a highly significant difference (t = 13.46, p < 0.0001), confirming the interventions’ effectiveness. Chi-square analysis found no significant associations between post-intervention pain levels and demographic variables such as age, gender, education, leukemia type, or chemotherapy cycle, indicating equal benefit across groups.

Conclusion: The study concludes that smiley ball therapy significantly reduce pain in pediatric leukemia patients undergoing chemotherapy, regardless of demographic characteristics. Integrating these non-pharmacological approaches into routine pediatric oncology care can enhance patient comfort, decrease reliance on pharmacological agents, and improve the overall treatment experience.

THE ROLE OF SOCIAL WORKERS IN MENTAL HEALTH SUPPORT

2024-04-24T07:30:14+00:00

Mental health support is fundamental to individuals’ ability to cope with and recover from trauma, stress, and resolve everyday problems. Those who have good social support in their lives demonstrate greater resilience (Conway, 2016). For a wide range of social, psychological, and biological reasons, social workers are often uniquely qualified to provide such support (Boland et al., 2021). This importance is especially apparent in the healthcare setting where a social worker is often the first person an individual will turn to for assistance. Regardless of whether the issue is a common worry or a more serious form of disorder, mental health support is a critical facet of a health professional’s role.

DETERMINATION OF 96-HOUR LC₅₀ VALUE OF ISOPROTURON FOR THE FRESHWATER FISH CYPRINUS CARPIO (L.)

2024-04-21T20:01:20+00:00

The present study focuses on estimating the 96-hour LC₅₀ value of the herbicide Isoproturon in the freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio. Acute toxicity tests were conducted according to APHA standard procedures, and the LC₅₀ was determined using Probit analysis. Before experimentation, the fish were acclimated to laboratory conditions for 30 days. A stock solution of Isoproturon was prepared, and groups of fish were exposed to different concentrations of the herbicide for 96 hours. Findings indicated that the 96-hour LC₅₀ value for Cyprinus carpio was 1.56 mg/L. The sensitivity of the fish to Isoproturon increased with both higher concentrations and longer exposure times, with mortality rising proportionally to the herbicide concentration.

A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE REGARDING OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS AMONG CONSTRUCTION WORKER’S IN SELECTED AREAS OF PUNE CITY IN A VIEW TO PREPARE AN INFORMATION BOOKLET.

2024-04-06T13:38:33+00:00

The construction industry, a significant contributor to GDP and national development, exposes workers to numerous occupational hazards, including falls, exposure to harmful substances, and accidents involving machinery. Despite its importance, the sector is known for high injury rates, particularly in developing countries like India. Knowledge of these hazards and safety measures is crucial to prevent accidents. Ensuring occupational safety in construction is therefore a matter of urgent priority. Proper identification of workplace hazards, implementation of safety protocols, regular training programs, and strict enforcement of safety legislation can greatly reduce accident rates. Many small- and medium-scale construction sites operate informally, often neglecting essential safety standards and increasing the vulnerability of workers to serious injuries. Moreover, enhancing workers’ knowledge and attitude toward occupational safety plays a crucial role in preventing injuries and promoting a culture of safety within the industry. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the awareness of occupational hazards among construction workers in Pune city to create an informative booklet for safety awareness. Methodology: A quantitative approach using a descriptive research design was employed. A sample of 100 construction workers was selected through non-probability purposive sampling. A semi- structured questionnaire was used to assess the workers’ knowledge of various occupational hazards, with the tool showing strong reliability. Results: The study found that most workers (46%) had poor knowledge of occupational hazards, with only 14% exhibiting excellent understanding. Furthermore, 87% of workers reported not having received safety training, which directly correlates with their limited awareness of hazards. Conclusion: The study indicates a significant knowledge gap among construction workers regarding occupational hazards. It underscores the importance of safety training and the development of educational resources, such as an information booklet, to improve safety practices and reduce accidents on construction sites.

MICROBIOME OF HYOPHILA INVOLUTA (HOOK.) A. JAEGER IN QUANTIFYING CHROMIUM IMMERSION AND BIOACCRETION

2024-04-24T07:13:36+00:00

Heavy metal adulteration in aquatic source is difficult to identify and their presence can result in bioaccretion and biomagnification. The present work objectives to assess chromium immersion and bioaccretion by Hyophila involuta (Hook.) A. Jaeger. H. involuta was collected from Pachamalai Hills. The plant was eroded and air dried. The dried thallus was immersed in 50 ml potassium dichromate solution with a chromium concentration of 170μg/ml. Biomass concentration and treatment duration was optimized with biomass ranging from 0.5 g to 3 g and days of immersion from 1 to 3. The thallus showed high levels of chromium immersion. With 24 hours of immersion, 0.5 g biomass removed 17.8 % chromium from water. With increase in biomass concentration there was increase in chromium removal with maximum removal of 82 % when 3 g biomass was used. In day two, 3 g biomass removed 94 % chromium from water and in day 3, biomass concentration from 2 g to 3 g could bring down the detectable range of chromium to zero. Cell wall of bryophytes is thought to have net negative charges that can bio absorb cations. No major studies are there utilizing this ability of bryophytes. Hyophila is common taxa in Tamil Nadu and hence the ability of H. involuta in bioimmersion of chromium can be exploited in water treatment plants.

“A PRE EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS EFFECTIVENESS OF VIDEO ASSISTED TEACHING ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PRE HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT OF MI AMONG PEOPLE FROM SELECTED AREAS OF PUNE CITY”

2024-04-21T19:27:13+00:00

Introduction: A myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow decreases or stops in one of the coronary arteries of the heart, causing infarction (tissue death) to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is retrosternal chest pain or discomfort that classically radiates to the left shoulder, arm, or jaw. The pain may occasionally feel like heartburn. This is the dangerous type of acute coronary syndrome.

Aims of the Study: to assess effectiveness of video assisted teaching on knowledge regarding pre hospital management of MI among people from selected areas of Pune city.

Methodology: The researcher used a quantitative research approach for this study and employed a pre-experimental research design. The study was conducted in selected areas of Pune city, targeting individuals between the ages of 18 to 60 years. A total of 100 participants were included in the sample, and they were selected using a non-probability purposive sampling technique.

Results: The majority of participants (66%) had poor knowledge of pre-hospital management of myocardial infarction before the intervention. After video-assisted teaching, most participants (75%) showed good knowledge, indicating a significant improvement. No demographic variables were found to have a significant association with knowledge levels.

Conclusion: The study revealed that most participants initially had poor knowledge regarding the pre-hospital management of myocardial infarction. However, after the video-assisted teaching intervention, the majority demonstrated good knowledge, confirming the effectiveness of the method. No significant association was found between demographic variables and knowledge levels, suggesting that the intervention was beneficial across all groups.

"EFFECTIVENESS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING PROGRAMS ON IMPROVING EVIDENCE-BASED MATERNAL AND NEONATAL CARE PRACTICES: A META-ANALYSIS WITH FOCUS ON UMBILICAL CORD CLAMPING."

2024-03-02T09:49:53+00:00

Background:
Delayed umbilical cord clamping (DCC) is recognized as a beneficial practice for improving neonatal outcomes, including enhanced hematologic status and neurodevelopment, without increasing maternal or neonatal complications. However, its implementation remains inconsistent across healthcare settings, often due to gaps in provider training and systemic barriers.

Objective:
To evaluate the effectiveness of professional training programs on improving evidence-based maternal and neonatal care practices, with a specific focus on delayed umbilical cord clamping, by synthesizing evidence from experimental studies conducted across diverse populations and settings.

Methods:
A meta-analysis was conducted including six experimental studies that compared the effects of DCC, early cord clamping (ECC), or umbilical cord milking (UCM) on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Studies included randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental designs involving healthcare providers and mothers in both high- and low-resource settings. Data were extracted on neonatal hematologic outcomes, neurodevelopment, and maternal safety parameters.

Results:
The study by Armstrong-Buisseret et al. (2020) showed a significant reduction in death or adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants with deferred clamping (RR 0.61, 95% CI 0.39–0.96). Chawanpaiboon et al. (2025) reported higher hemoglobin and hematocrit levels in the DCC group among term infants, with no increase in neonatal complications. Al-Tawil et al. (2012) found improved iron stores at 3–5 months of age in infants receiving DCC. Lushindiho et al. (2020) highlighted the need for structured provider training to promote DCC practices. Ofojebe et al. (2021) confirmed higher neonatal hemoglobin levels at 48 hours without significant differences in bilirubin levels or maternal outcomes. Wang et al. (2025) found no increased risk of neonatal respiratory distress or maternal adverse events with DCC. Overall, DCC was associated with improved neonatal hematologic outcomes and was well-tolerated, though implementation barriers persist.

Conclusion:
Delayed umbilical cord clamping is a safe and effective intervention that enhances neonatal health outcomes without increasing risks. Structured training programs for healthcare providers are essential to improving adherence to evidence-based practices. Policy initiatives and educational interventions tailored to local contexts are necessary to ensure widespread implementation and sustained practice change.

EVALUATING COGNITIVE THERAPY FOR DEPRESSION IN ELDERLY DEMENTIA PATIENTS: A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN CHENNAI SENIOR CARE FACILITIES

2024-04-24T07:08:07+00:00

Background: Senile dementia combined with depression is a growing concern among elderly populations, especially those residing in institutional care. Cognitive decline and depressive symptoms often coexist, significantly impairing quality of life. There is an urgent need for non-pharmacological interventions to address these challenges in geriatric settings. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of selected cognitive strategies in reducing senile dementia with depression, and to explore the lived experiences of elderly residents in geriatric homes in Chennai district, India. Methods: A mixed-method pilot study was conducted in two geriatric homes. Although initially designed as a quasi-experimental study with randomized assignment to study and control groups, the sampling approach was modified to purposive sampling due to feasibility constraints. The intervention group received structured cognitive strategies, while the control group received routine care. Quantitative data were collected through pre- and post-intervention assessments of dementia and depression, whereas qualitative data were obtained using in-depth interviews to explore residents’ experiences with the cognitive interventions. Results: The findings revealed significant improvement in dementia and depression scores among the intervention group compared to the control group. Additionally, demographic factors such as age, religion, marital status, educational background, presence of health problems, and family visitation patterns were significantly associated with the effectiveness of cognitive strategies. Qualitative analysis identified five major themes: improved cognitive performance, enhanced mood, positive attitude shifts, better sleep quality, and an overall optimistic perception of life. Participants emphasized the supportive and engaging nature of the interventions, which contributed to improved psychological well-being. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that selected cognitive strategies are effective in reducing levels of senile dementia with depression among institutionalized elderly. These findings highlight the importance of integrating cognitive interventions into routine geriatric care practices. Such approaches can promote mental health, resilience, and overall quality of life among older adults in residential settings.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE IMPACT OF FOUR COMPONENT INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN (4C/ID) LEARNING MODEL ON KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS REGARDING SAFE ADMINISTRATION OF INTRAVENOUS MEDICATION AMONG 3RD SEMESTER B.SC. NURSING STUDENTS

2024-04-21T19:16:43+00:00

Medication administration safety is a critical component of nursing education. IV medication errors pose significant risks to patient safety, often resulting from inadequate knowledge and insufficient skill development among nursing students. The Four Component Instructional Design (4C/ID) model provides a structured approach to teaching complex clinical skills.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of the 4C/ID learning model in enhancing knowledge and skills regarding safe administration of intravenous medication among 3rd semester B.Sc. Nursing students.

Methods: A quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test control group design was used among 70 B.Sc. Nursing students selected through purposive sampling. The experimental group received a 7-day 4C/ID-based educational intervention, while the control group underwent traditional teaching. A validated knowledge questionnaire and skill observation checklist were used. Data were analyzed using paired t-test, independent z-test, and Fisher’s exact test.
Results: A total of 70 students (35 experimental, 35 control) completed the study. Baseline pre-test knowledge and skill scores showed no significant difference between groups (p > 0.05). After the 7-day intervention, the experimental group demonstrated a marked improvement in both knowledge and skill performance. The mean post-test knowledge score increased from 12.48 ± 3.15 to 24.62 ± 2.84, and the mean skill score increased from 6.14 ± 1.92 to 17.45 ± 1.33. In contrast, the control group showed only minimal improvement in knowledge (13.02 ± 3.41 to 15.88 ± 3.02) and skills (6.42 ± 1.86 to 8.21 ±1.77).
Paired t-test and independent z-test revealed a highly significant difference between the experimental and control groups for both knowledge and skills (p < 0.001). The calculated effect size indicated a large educational impact of the 4C/ID model. No socio-demographic variables showed any significant association with baseline pre-test knowledge or skill levels.

Conclusion: The 4C/ID instructional model effectively enhances IV medication safety competence among nursing students. Integration of this model into nursing education may reduce medication errors and improve patient safety outcomes.

THE EFFECT OF COAL WASTE BOTTOM ASH SURALAYA STEAM POWER PLANT AS A GROWING MEDIUM FOR OIL PALM SEEDLINGS

2024-08-05T12:58:31+00:00

The purpose of this study was to compare the combination of planting media, including soil and solid organic fertilizer type, and bottom ash. The experiment used the Randomized Complete Block Design method. The design was achieved through a combination of organic fertilizer types A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, and M, along with soil media. The number of treatments consisted of thirteen, repeated three times. The ratio of planting media 67% soil and 33% Solid organic fertilizer bottom ash D type (organic material derived from legumes and Tithonia diversifolia can provide a height of oil palm seedlings 28.57 cm at the age of twelve weeks after planting (WAP). At the same age and the same combination ratio, ion uptake and absorption of the best of potassium (K) by oil palm seedlings. The good Shoot Root ratio was given by a combination of media, 67% soil and 33% solid organic fertilizers, and bottom ash. Similarly, in the oil palm rhizosphere, the balance of media 67% soil and 33% solid organic fertilizer bottom ash was found to contain microorganisms Lactobacillus sp, Streptomyces sp, and Bacillus sp

INTEGRATING METABOLOMICS AND AROMA CHEMISTRY FOR UNDERSTANDING CAPSICUM VOLATILE PROFILES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS

2024-04-24T07:00:33+00:00

Capsicum species (chilli peppers) display tremendous chemical variation underlying pungency, flavour and aroma. Capsaicinoids contribute to the heat exhibited during tasting, while the many combined oils and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are important to sensory qualities and bioactivity - but are less understood. This comprehensive review brings the reader up-to-date on the chemistry, biosynthesis and analytical techniques used to analyse oils and VOCs, targeted to essential oils and lipid-derived volatiles including terpenes, fatty acid derivatives, aldehydes, esters (and others), and pyrazines. The contribution of metabolic pathways such as lipoxygenase, terpenoid, and phenylpropanoid pathways (as well as their genetic and environmental control) is discussed. Methods such as HS-SPME-GC-MS, GC×GC-TOF-MS and GC-O are reviewed for their relative sensitivity and reproducibility. In addition to chemistry, Capsicum VOCs have demonstrated ecological and physiological roles in defence, pollination, and an adaptive response to stress, and include further potential for antimicrobial, antioxidant and nutraceutical properties. Although there have been gains in Capsicum research, gaps still remain in our understanding of identifying biosynthetic genes, standardising analytical methods, and the linkages between metabolomic and sensory data. Future studies should shift their focus to integrate and learn from multi-omics studies, harmonise methods, and explore post-harvest transformation, thereby allowing for increased insight into Capsicum in terms of chemical ecology and breeding for aroma, as well as further industrial applications.

EFFECTIVENESS OF INFORMATION EDUCATION COMMUNICATION PACKAGE REGARDING SOCIAL NETWORK ON KNOWLEDGE AND LIFESTYLE CHANGES AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS IN CHENNAI

2024-04-21T19:11:48+00:00

Background: Social networks play an integral role in communication and information exchange among college students, influencing academic collaboration, social interaction, and lifestyle behaviors. However, their excessive use is linked to addiction, mental health issues, and unhealthy lifestyle changes. Despite awareness of these risks, knowledge alone often does not translate into positive behavioral modification. This study evaluates the effectiveness of an Information Education Communication (IEC) package in improving knowledge and lifestyle related to social network use among college students. Methods: A quantitative true experimental design with pre-test-post-test control groups was employed involving 51 college students during the pilot study. The IEC package was delivered as a 30-45 minute lecture supplemented with PowerPoint presentations covering social network risks, addiction, and lifestyle modification. Knowledge and lifestyle changes were assessed using standardized questionnaires before and four weeks after intervention. Statistical tests including paired t-tests and correlation analysis were applied to evaluate the effectiveness. Results: Baseline data showed majority of students had inadequate knowledge (70.6%) and unhealthy lifestyles (60.8%). Post-intervention, knowledge scores significantly improved (mean difference = 2.73, p < 0.001), with 66.7% achieving moderately adequate knowledge levels. Lifestyle scores also showed statistically significant improvement, though an unexpected increase in unhealthy lifestyle patterns was observed. A significant negative correlation between knowledge and lifestyle was found pre- and post- intervention. Conclusion: The IEC package effectively enhanced knowledge about social networks among college students but had mixed effects on lifestyle behaviors. Knowledge improvement alone may not suffice for sustained lifestyle changes, highlighting the need for multifaceted interventions combining education with behavioral support and motivation. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to better translate awareness into healthier lifestyle adoption.

A REVIEW ON TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF HERBICIDES ON AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM

2024-04-24T07:37:47+00:00

Herbicides are essential in modern agriculture but pose severe risks to aquatic ecosystems, particularly fish. This review examines herbicides' biochemical and genotoxic impacts on fish species, addressing oxidative stress, metabolic disruptions, hormonal interference, DNA damage, and mutations. Herbicides like glyphosate, atrazine, paraquat, and 2,4-D have been linked to enzymatic inhibition, reproductive abnormalities, and genetic mutations with extensive implications for aquatic biodiversity and human health. Case studies provide further insights into specific herbicides' effects, such as glyphosate’s role in oxidative stress, atrazine's endocrine disruption, and paraquat’s genotoxicity. Continuous monitoring, regulation, and alternative solutions are crucial to reduce these harmful effects and protect aquatic life and public health.

PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILING OF METHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACTS OF CLEOME VISCOSA USING GC-MS ANALYSIS

2024-04-22T04:42:55+00:00

Cleome viscosa is a widely available herbal plant in Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu, India. In this study, methanolic leaf extracts of the plant was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify key phytochemical constituents. The GC-MS analysis identified 10 major compounds present in C. viscosa such as Cyclotetrasiloxane, octamethyl-, Cyclopentasiloxane, decamethyl- , l-(+)-Ascorbic acid 2,6-dihexadecanoate, 2-Oxaspiro[4.5]decan-3-one, 2-Cyclobutene-1-carboxamide, 2-Octylcyclopropene-1-heptanol, Z,E-3,13-Octadecadien-1-ol, 2-Aminoethanethiol hydrogen sulfate (ester), (Z)-Thujopsene, Ethyl iso-allocholate. The findings from this study could pave the way for the discovery of new drugs and herbal medicines, with applications across various medical fields for treating multiple ailments. Additionally, these results may contribute to the development of innovative drugs through nanotechnology.

A CRITICAL CARE ANALYSIS OF PATIENT WITH GUILLIAN BARRE SYNDROME: A CASE STUDY METHOD

2024-04-11T14:53:49+00:00

Introduction: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune disorder that causes rapid muscle weakness due to the immune system damaging the peripheral nervous system. Typically, the condition begins with changes in sensation or pain in the back, along with muscle weakness starting from the feet and hands and often progressing to the arms and upper body. The symptoms can develop over hours or weeks, and in the acute phase, GBS can be life-threatening, with about 15% of individuals requiring mechanical ventilation due to respiratory muscle weakness. Aims of the study: To critically analyze the clinical presentation, management, and nursing care of a patient diagnosed with Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). Methodology: This study adopted a qualitative research methodology with a case study design to explore the critical care management of a pediatric patient diagnosed with Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). The research was conducted at Bharati Hospital and Research Centre, focusing on one pediatric patient aged 6–12 years in the acute phase of GBS, selected through non-probability purposive sampling. The sample size for this study was 1, allowing for an in-depth, detailed analysis of the patient's clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes. Results: The case study of a 12-year-old male patient diagnosed with Guillain-Barré Syndrome revealed significant neuromuscular weakness, respiratory involvement, and impaired mobility requiring critical care intervention. Through comprehensive medical, nursing, and physiotherapy management—including pharmacological support, respiratory monitoring, and rehabilitation—the patient showed gradual clinical improvement. Key nursing goals such as maintaining respiratory function, promoting mobility, relieving pain, and preventing complications were effectively addressed. The outcome indicates that early diagnosis, multidisciplinary care, consistent follow-up are vital for recovery in pediatric GBS patients.

Conclusion: Early diagnosis and critical care are essential for effective management of Guillain-Barré Syndrome in children. Multidisciplinary interventions significantly improve respiratory function and mobility. With timely treatment and rehabilitation, full recovery is achievable.

THE ROLE OF MRI IN DIAGNOSING NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS

2024-04-24T07:22:35+00:00

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an indispensable tool in the diagnosis and management of neurological disorders. Ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, and brain tumors are examples of conditions for which MRI scans provide crucial clinical information.

MRI produces images by subjecting the body to a magnetic field, and then using radio-frequency pulses to stimulate the emission of energy from atomic nuclei. The resulting signals are used to reconstruct images that encode structural or functional information about the brain. Structural scans visualize the anatomy in cross-section at high resolution. Functional MRI (fMRI) renders maps of cerebral activity and metabolism. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tracks the flow of water molecules along the white-matter tracts and thereby reveals connective pathways.

DIVERSITY, STATUS AND GUILD STRUCTURE OF AVIFAUNA IN HANUMANTHAPURA LAKE, TUMAKURU, KARNATAKA, INDIA

2024-04-21T19:29:25+00:00

Aves are aesthetically pleasing creatures in nature. Their vivid colours, melodious cries, unusual appearance and distinctive behaviour have always captivated and fascinated humanity. These characteristics play an important role in environmental assessment by indicating the presence or absence of particular species. The diversity of avifauna within lake ecosystem is vital component of biodiversity, reflecting the stability and health of aquatic ecosystem. Wetland are vital habitat for variety of aquatic fauna and flora, especially bird species, by providing fundamental resources as nesting ground, food and migratory areas. The bird population in diverse habitats demonstrates the community structure and significance of the landscapes. Hanumanthapura lake is perennial in nature with rich aquatic vegetation and habitat structure, supporting diverse niches for both resident and migratory bird populations. Hence a study on avian species was conducted at Hanumanthapura Lake of Tumkur district Karnataka, from Dec-2023 to Nov-2024. The aim of the present study was to determine the diversity of avifauna with respect to Taxonomical Distribution and Species Richness in Hanumanthapura Lake.

This study revealed that 43 species of birds belonging to 11 orders 23 families during the study period. During the study more species were sighted in order Passeriformes (10), Pelecaniformes (9) followed by Charadriiformes (5), Galliformes (4), Ciconiiformes (3), Accipitriformes (3) and Coraciiformes (3). It was evident that Purple Moorhen, Coots and Ducts have developed high tolerance to this highly fluctuating habitat and anthropogenic activity. Avifaunal diversity has been decreasing due to human disturbances which leads to destruction of their habitats. Avifauna and their ecology are important to protect them. Therefore, detailed further studies needed to identify the limnobiological studies.

"EFFECTIVENESS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING PROGRAMS ON IMPROVING EVIDENCE-BASED MATERNAL AND NEONATAL CARE PRACTICES: A META-ANALYSIS WITH FOCUS ON UMBILICAL CORD CLAMPING."

2024-03-07T08:09:56+00:00

AWARENESS, PERCEPTION AND ATTITUDE REGARDING NURSE PRACTITIONER PROGRAMME AMONG HEALTH CARE STAKE HOLDERS-AN EXPLORATORY STUDY

2024-04-24T07:10:52+00:00

Introduction The Nurse Practitioner (NP) program, a critical aspect of healthcare, has gained attention for its potential to address healthcare shortages and improve clinical care. This study aims to assess the awareness, perceptions, and attitudes towards the Nurse Practitioner Program (NPCC) among healthcare stakeholders in India, exploring the role of demographic variables such as gender, age, academic qualifications, and professional experience. Methods- A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 300 healthcare stakeholders, including BSc final year students, staff nurses, and doctors from intensive care units (ICUs). Demographic data were collected alongside measures of general awareness, program understanding, perception, and attitude towards NPCC. Chi-square tests were performed to assess associations between demographic variables and stakeholders' perceptions and attitudes towards the program. Results- The study found that the majority (67%) of respondents were female, with 40.66% under 25 years old. Awareness about the NPCC program was generally high, with 78.7% recognizing the program, while understanding varied by aspect-70.8% were aware of eligibility criteria, and 85.7% recognized the regulatory body. Perceptions regarding the NPCC program were positive, with 84.6% of participants demonstrating high awareness of NP roles and 76.3% acknowledging the program's potential to improve clinical competence. Age and academic qualifications were found to have no significant impact on perceptions, while a significant association was observed between age and attitude towards the NPCC program (p < 0.05). Discussion- Overall, healthcare stakeholders displayed substantial awareness and positive perceptions of the NPCC program. However, despite the positive attitude towards NP roles, there was no significant impact of gender, academic qualifications, or professional experience on participants' perceptions and attitudes. Age emerged as the only demographic factor significantly influencing attitudes towards the program, highlighting the importance of age-related factors in shaping professional outlook

“A PRE-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DEEP BREATHING EXERCISES ON RESPIRATORY STATUS AMONG WORKERS IN SELECTED FACTORIES OF PUNE CITY”

2024-04-21T19:24:41+00:00

Introduction: Respiratory health is crucial for overall well-being, especially for industrial workers who are regularly exposed to airborne pollutants, dust, and harmful fumes. The WHO states that workplace exposure to pollutants is a key cause of chronic respiratory diseases like asthma, COPD, and other occupational lung conditions. In India, the rise in industrialization has worsened this issue, particularly in cities like Pune, where factory workers face long-term exposure to dangerous particulate matter.

Aims of the Study: to Assess the Effectiveness of Deep Breathing Exercises on Respiratory Status Among Workers in Selected Factories of Pune City.

Methodology: The present study followed a quantitative research approach using a pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design. Data was collected from workers in selected factories of Pune city. Based on the sample size calculation, 60 participants were included, selected through a non-probability purposive sampling method. To evaluate the effectiveness of deep breathing exercises on the respiratory status of workers, the investigator computed the r-value, which was found to be +0.9363, indicating a strong poitive relationship.

Results: Most participants were middle-aged males with low education, long work exposure, smoking habits, and poor protective practices, making them prone to respiratory issues. Pre-test results showed severe breathlessness, while post-test findings revealed marked improvement, with 70% achieving normal status. The t-test confirmed deep breathing exercises were highly effective, and chi-square analysis showed no significant link between respiratory status and demographic factors.

Conclusion: Deep breathing exercises were found to be highly effective in improving the respiratory status of factory workers. A significant difference between pre- and post-test scores confirmed the intervention’s effectiveness, while demographic variables showed no significant association. This highlights deep breathing as a simple, low-cost, and feasible method to promote respiratory health.

PERCEPTION OF STUDENTS AND FACULTY REGARDING SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING- AN EXPLORATORY STUDY.

2024-08-27T14:13:26+00:00

Introduction: Self-directed method allows the student to empower themselves and take total control on their personal growth and increase their educational level. Self-directed learning allows the student to self-motivate themselves to not only reply solely on traditional classroom setting but methods like online studying, seminars, conferences and going through various research data bases for indebt study of their topics It extends beyond the classroom and into all aspects of life. Materials and methods: A quantitative research approach and exploratory study design was used. A sample of 200 nursing students and 10 nursing faculty of nursing institute was selected using non probability convenient sampling technique. Data was collected by 22 structured questionnaire which was validated by 5 experts. Data was using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage) and inferential statistics (chi square test). Results Nursing students: 164 (82%) of the 200 students that took part in the study were female, with the remaining 36 (18%) being male. Of the total number of pupils, 85 (42.5%) were under 21 years old, and the remaining 115 (57.5%( were above 21, 96 (48%) were in their first year of B.Sc. Nursing, 52 (26%) were in their second year of B.Sc. Nursing, 38 (19%) were in their third year of B.Sc. Nursing First-year P.B.B.Sc. nursing students made up 10 (5%) of the total students, and second-year students made up 4 (2%). Nursing Faculty: 10 faculties that took part in the study 1 (10%) were Male and 9 (90%) were Female, 10 (100%) faculties were above 21 years of age, all 10 (100%) had completed their Masters in Nursing. The results indicated that most participants held positive views on self-directed learning, with 69% of students and 70% of faculty expressing favorable perceptions. The study also found significant association between demographic variables (Gender and Academic Qualification) and perceptions of SDL.

Conclusion: The findings reveal that majority of the nursing students and faculty have positive perception regarding self-directed learning.

A STUDY ON FISH DIVERSITY OF CHIKKA THOTLUKERE LAKE, TUMKUR DISTRICT, KARNATAKA

2024-04-24T07:04:15+00:00

Water is one of the most important components of aquatic ecosystem and plays its unique role by providing habitat for numerous aquatic organisms. Among freshwater ecosystems, ponds, lakes, tanks and other small lentic ecosystems form an integral part of the biosphere. Fishes are the prime indicators of ecological health and maintain a balance in the food chain by consuming planktons, small animals and become food for many other animals. Fish is a rich source of food, providing proteins, fats, minerals, vitamin A and D, phosphorous and other nutrients. They are preferred in our diet due to their high nutritional values. The present study was conducted for a period of one year from March 2024 to February 2025 in Chikka Thotlukere Lake, Tumkur District, Karnataka. Fishes were collected randomly at different sites of the lake by using gill nets of different mesh sizes which varied from 10 to 100 mm with the assistance of local fishermen and preserved in 10% formalin solution in separate specimen jar according to the size of species. The results of the present investigation indicate the presence of 10 species of fishes belonging to 4 orders and 4 families. Order Cypriniformes was most dominant with 6 species followed by order Perciformes with 2 species, Anabantiformes and Siluriformes each with 1 species. The fish species recorded were of commercial importance. The major threats faced by the freshwater fishes are mostly in the form of human interventions and aquatic pollution. The study of fish fauna of the aquatic bodies is useful for planning and monitoring of fish culture. Hence, proper management and utilization of the fish wealth is necessary to take up the sustainable steps to monitor and conserve fish health.

SUSTAINABILITY AND ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CULINARY TOURISM: A STUDY OF FOOD TOURISM PRACTICES IN MUMBAI, MAHARASHTRA

2025-08-16T04:53:28+00:00

This paper examines the viability and economic benefit of culinary tourism in Mumbai, Maharashtra but especially makes an analysis on how local food has helped preserve both traditions and economic prosperity. The research relied on quantitative information of 240 tourists and 60 restaurant owners whereby the questionnaires and interviews employed by the study focused on six dimensions such as aspects of sustainability perceptions, spending patterns, and promotion of Maharashtrian cuisine. The analyses were done in terms of descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis with the help of SPSS v26 and Excel 365.The results indicate that two-thirds of the tourists pursue sustainable food choices and are more satisfied with the use of such practices. There was a high positive correlation (r = 0.68) between the amount of resources utilized by restaurant to sustain its operations and monthly revenue. Findings of the regression results were that sustainable practice and knowledge on local cuisine remarkably forecasts repeat visitation and tourist expenditure (R 2 = 0.57). The research paper finds that sustainable culinary tourism can not only contribute to cultural identity, but can make restaurants economically viable. Based on these insights, one can say the strategic marketing and a long-term integration of local food heritage should be promoted as part of tourism planning.

SELF-PERCEIVED NURSE PRACTITIONER CORE COMPETENCIES AND INFLUENCE ON CRITICAL CARE -A NATIONWIDE STUDY

2023-12-30T15:30:01+00:00

Background: The demand for Nurse Practitioners in critical care is increasing due to rising burden of critical illnesses, advancements in medicine and need for skillful, competent workforce capable of managing complex patient cases. Their unique skill set empowered through rigorous education and clinical training is vital in meeting the dynamic challenges of these high intensity environments.

Objective: The study aimed to assess and compare the self-perceived core competencies of Nurse Practitioners in critical care among the stakeholders and to assess the influence of Nurse Practitioners on critical care.

Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in multiple settings with a sample size of 210 nationwide. The participants were recruited through non-probability consecutive sampling technique. The data was collected using Researcher prepared rating scales to assess the perception regarding self-perceived core competencies and perception related to influence of Nurse Practitioners on critical care among the NPCC Stakeholders.

Results: More than 68% of the Stakeholders perceived confidence in Core competencies with no statistically significant difference among NPCC stakeholders at 5% level (F= 2.521, p = 0.083). More than 81% perceived positively regarding influence of Nurse Practitioners on critical care with high significant differences noted among NPCC stakeholders at 5% level (F= 15.49, p = 0.000).

Conclusion: From the perspective of the NPCC Stakeholders, the study highlights that they feel confident in the core competencies of the Nurse Practitioners in Critical care and perceive positively about their influence on critical care. The Nationwide acknowledgement of the NPCC Stakeholders about the competencies and influence of Nurse Practitioners in critical care is a testament to reinforce the importance of expanding Nurse Practitioner roles in critical care, ensuring greater autonomy and integrating them into leadership positions. It also calls for continued professional development, policy support and institutional backing to optimize the impact of Nurse Practitioners in Critical care environments.