Chelonian Research Foundation

UNDIVIDED SUDAN’S OIL PARTNERSHIP WITH INDIA

Dr. Sandipani Dash — Sat, 01 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The expansion of Sudan’s oil sector coincides with rising Asian interest in the oil fields of Africa that is located in the extended supply zone of the present world oil regime. Asian powers have over the years acquired extensive knowledge and experience in domestic oil production; yet that failed to meet their constantly rising energy demands triggered by economic globalsiation. The increasing external dependence pushed these countries to enter into transnational oil ventures. The 9/11 terrorist attack has further propelled the oil-seeking countries to diversify their supply lines by drifting away from West Asia and getting closer to Africa. Asian quest for African equity oil has consequently concretised the Afro-Asian interdependence that has evolved in the post cold war economic world order in terms of trade and investment partnership. As an extension of such economic complemtarity, the current regime in Sudan has diversified the pattern of its transnational production linkage through consolidation of multiple Asian participations in its oil sector. The shift that Sudan’s foreign oil policy behavior has undergone is due to the withdrawal of major Western oil firms, which have initiated the exploration and production activity in its oil field. The underlying rationale for such approach, therefore, lies in the intents to ensure that Sudan’s oil production remains less dependent on the partnership with West, and at the same time to avoid a situation where any single Asian player does monopolise its oil sector. As a result, Asian orientation has become the hallmark of the transnational partnership that Sudan is currently forging for its oil production. This article looks at Sudan’s partnership with India in the broader perspective of Indian interest in African oil. Firstly it taken into account India Presence in Sudan Oil field. Then it explore India Interestent in African Oil field.. Then it examines Sino-Indian Engagement in Sudan’s Oil Sector

METABOLIC MYOPATHIES (MMS)

Tue, 22 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Metabolic myopathies are a group of inherited illnesses affecting skeletal muscle metabolism due to enzymatic deficiencies in glycogen breakdown, fatty acid oxidation, or mitochondrial energy production. These disorders result in exercise intolerance, muscle weakness, & rhabdomyolysis (muscle breakdown resulting in the release of toxic cellular components into the bloodstream), which may progress to chronic muscle degeneration and functional impairment. Diagnosis relies on clinical symptoms, biochemical markers, genetic testing, and muscle biopsy. Common disorders include glycogen storage diseases like McArdle illness, which impairs glycogen breakdown, fatty a` oxidation disorders like carnitine palmitoyl transferase II deficiency that disrupts lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial myopathies, which affect cellular energy production. Management strategies focus on dietary modifications, including tailored carbohydrate or fat intake, controlled exercise programs to prevent muscle damage, and novel therapies like enzyme replacement treatment and gene therapy. Supportive treatments, including symptom management and physical therapy, also play a crucial role in improving mobility & overall well-being. Early diagnosis and individualized interventions are essential for optimizing patient outcomes, minimizing complications, and enhancing quality of life. Continued research into the molecular mechanisms of these disorders is vital for developing more effective therapies and improving long-term prognosis.

MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS: A REGENERATIVE HOPE FOR ALZHEIMER'S PATIENTS

Sun, 20 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, memory impairment, and neuronal loss. Despite extensive research, effective disease-modifying therapies remain limited. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic candidate due to their multipotent properties, immunomodulatory capacity, and ability to secrete neurotrophic factors. This review explores various aspects of AD, as well as it explores MSCs mechanisms of action including reduction of neuroinflammation, promotion of neurogenesis, clearance of amyloid-β plaques, and protection against oxidative stress. We also discuss the various sources of MSCs, and methods of delivery.

ENDOVASCULAR MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE TANDEM OCCLUSION STROKE

Ayman Gamea, Omar Osman, Mohamed Abdala Abbas, Ahmed elbassiouny — Sat, 01 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Acute ischemic stroke caused by tandem occlusion is characterized by a blockage or severe narrowing of the cervical internal carotid artery along with an embolic obstruction in a major intracranial vessel, such as the terminal carotid or proximal middle cerebral arteries. This condition accounts for 10–20% of all ischemic strokes. Without treatment, studies estimate that 40–69% of affected patients either suffer severe disability or do not survive. Tandem occlusion is associated with poor prognosis in acute stroke management due to its high mortality and morbidity rates, as well as its low response to intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). However, endovascular treatment has demonstrated advantages in restoring blood flow in large vessel occlusions, preserving the cerebral penumbra, and improving clinical outcomes. Current treatment guidelines recommend an initial administration of intravenous thrombolytic therapy, followed by endovascular thrombectomy. Despite these recommendations, there is still no standardized endovascular approach specifically for managing this stroke subtype.

ENDOSCOPIC SPINE SURGERY: REVIEW ARTICLE

Sat, 01 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Endoscopic spine surgery has emerged as an effective treatment option for cases of lumbar disc prolapse and lumbar canal stenosis, offering reduced postoperative pain and faster recovery.

Objectives: Highlight the different endoscopic spine surgery approaches and their indications and advantages.

Methods: We have searched literatures in PubMed, google scholar and science direct from 1994 to 2024.

Conclusion: Endoscopic spine surgery is safe and effective for treating lumbosacral radiculopathy due to lumbar disc prolapse and lumbar canal stenosis, offering significant pain relief and functional recovery.

ADOLESCENT IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS: GENERAL REVIEW

Sat, 01 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is an abnormal curvature of the spine exceeding 10 degrees, diagnosed in adolescence and in which the etiology is unknown. The gold standard for describing scoliosis is the Cobb angle. Smaller thoracic and thoracolumbar curves can be managed conservatively with observation or bracing, but corrective surgery may be indicated for rapidly growing or larger curves. Patients can be managed very well with a combination of conservative and surgical options. Outcomes for these children are excellent with sustained longer-term results.

REVOLUTIONIZING SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE BY EXPLORING STRENGTH AND PERFORMANCE

Vikas, B.S Walia — Sat, 22 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In recent years, self-compacting concrete (SCC) has gained significant attention in the construction industry due to its excellent workability, durability, and potential for enhanced structural performance. This study investigates the strength and performance characteristics of an M25 mix design of SCC, exploring various material replacements to optimize its compressive strength. The research specifically analyzes the compressive strength of three design categories: an M25 mix design without any material replacement, an M25 mix design with a 16% replacement of Alccofine, and an M25 mix design incorporating both 16% Alccofine and varying percentages of porcelain aggregates (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%). The findings reveal that the M25 mix with 16% Alccofine achieves a noteworthy compressive strength, surpassing the traditional mix design. Moreover, introducing porcelain aggregates alongside Alccofine reveals a synergistic effect, particularly at a 16% Alccofine and 3% porcelain replacement, which exhibits the highest compressive strength compared to other combinations. The optimization of these materials not only enhances the mechanical properties but also contributes to sustainability by utilizing industrial by-products, such as Alccofine and porcelain waste, in concrete production. This research highlights the viability of using alternatives to traditional materials in SCC formulations, emphasizing the potential for innovative mix designs in enhancing concrete performance. The outcomes underscore the importance of exploring synergy between different materials to achieve superior mechanical properties, safeguarding structural integrity while promoting eco-friendly practices in the construction domain.

A REVIEW ON INTELLIGENT COMPUTING TECHNIQUES ON MEDICAL IMAGE SEGMENTATION AND ANALYSIS

Pooja, Dr. Reena, Pooja, Dr. Reena — Mon, 24 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

A review of the idea of correcting for intensity inhomogeneity in magnetic resonance imaging is presented in this work. The information term in our variety system truly ensures the gradually shifting property of the inclination field obtained from the proposed vitality, without imposing an express smoothing term on the predisposition field. It evaluates the performance of a few selected MR images and provides the useful results with division and vitality advancement. This makes use of the level set technique, specifically for MR images, for synchronous division and inclination correction. Entropy is a crucial parameter that can be altered by adjusting the knots. MATLAB will be used for all of the simulations.

AI-DRIVEN TRANSFORMER BASED FRAMEWORK FOR IDENTIFICATION AND TRACKING OF CHELONIAN SPECIES USING SATELLITE IMAGERY AND DRONE FOOTAGE

Tue, 25 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Chelonian species, including turtles, tortoises, and terrapins, face increasing threats from habitat degradation, climate change, and illegal poaching. Accurate identification and tracking are crucial for effective conservation efforts. This study proposes a novel AI-driven framework utilizing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformer-based Vision Models (ViTs) to automate the detection and monitoring of chelonian species from satellite imagery and drone footage. The framework employs YOLO (You Only Look Once) for real-time object detection and Swin Transformer for enhanced feature extraction across large-scale imagery. By combining spatial-temporal analysis with machine learning, the system can accurately distinguish between chelonian species, track their movements, and monitor population dynamics. Our approach integrates a hybrid classification model that combines CNN feature extraction with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks to analyze sequential movement patterns, enabling precise tracking over time. The proposed system is evaluated on diverse datasets, including open-source satellite archives and drone-captured videos, achieving over 95% accuracy in species identification and trajectory prediction. This AI-driven methodology significantly reduces manual effort, improves monitoring accuracy, and provides real-time insights for conservationists. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of integrating advanced AI algorithms in wildlife conservation, offering a scalable solution for long-term chelonian species preservation.

FOOD SECURITY ISSUES ON FACEBOOK: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF THE ALGERIAN NATIONAL ORGANISATION FOR AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY’S PAGE DURING JULY 2024

Nassira Djeghri Zarouta — Thu, 27 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to address a scientific issue concerning the role of the National Organisation for Agriculture and Food Security in promoting awareness about food security through its Facebook page. The topic of food and its security has become a critical global issue due to health crises, wars, and conflicts, which have directly impacted food and water supplies.

This research is part of descriptive-analytical studies, focusing on the role of new media in fostering food security culture, as communication tools have become remarkably widespread since the mid-2000s.

The study reached several key conclusions, the most important being that the page heavily relies on videos accompanied by text. It predominantly uses the Arabic language, with its content leaning towards a scientific approach based on intellectual and cognitive appeals. The page focuses on economic objectives in promoting food security culture, with most posts related to food, agriculture, technology, and land reclamation.

TRACKING THE DISPERSAL ECOLOGY OF JUVENILE GREEN SEA TURTLES FROM THE CAYMAN ISLANDS USING SATELLITE TELEMETRY

Mon, 05 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In movement ecology, juvenile marine animals, like sea turtles, are often understudied. We released 40 green turtle juveniles (Chelonia mydas, 1-4 years old) from two different sites off the Cayman Islands coast in January and July of 2023 with satellite tags to see how they dispersed and what impact the release had. The determinants of turtles' directional swimming persistence, including the effect of ocean current direction, were determined using a statistical model and vector plots. Within 6-22 days, almost half of the population (N = 22) successfully migrated from the islands to the surrounding regions. In contrast to the July turtles' northward spread (27-396 km), the January turtles radiated out (185-1138 km) in different directions. Daily swimming persistence rose around track ends and coastal zones, according to statistical data and vector plots. Turtles mostly swam against ocean currents. These findings show that young greens raised in captivity may find its way to important coastal environments for growth and development. Dispersal differences between January and July provide further evidence that release site and timing are crucial. We provide recommendations for future research on sea turtle and juvenile mobility ecology, and our findings help with conservation efforts for Caymanian green turtles that are making a comeback.

REVIEW ARTICLE: ULTRASOUND-GUIDED REGIONAL ANESTHESIA TECHNIQUES FOR POST-STERNOTOMY PAIN MANAGEMENT IN CARDIAC SURGERY

Tue, 06 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Median sternotomy, a standard approach in cardiac surgery, is associated with significant postoperative pain that impacts recovery and patient satisfaction. Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia techniques, such as the erector spinae plane block (ESPB) combined with superficial parasternal intercostal plane block (S-PIP) and the paravertebral block (PVB), have emerged as effective components of multimodal analgesia. These techniques reduce opioid reliance, mitigate adverse effects, and support enhanced recovery protocols. The review highlights their clinical utility, technical considerations, and potential for improving postoperative outcomes in cardiac surgery.

LITERATURE REVIEW ON ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECTS: EMBRYOLOGY, GENETICS, TYPES, AND CLINICAL MANAGEMENT

Ahmed Adnan, Tarek Salah, Mahmoud Khairy El Haish, Hesham Alkady — Sun, 25 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Atrial septal defects (ASDs) are among the most common congenital heart defects, characterized by abnormal communications between the atria. This literature review synthesizes current knowledge on embryology, genetics, types, incidence, natural history, associated features, pathophysiology, diagnostics, and management of ASDs, drawing from a comprehensive document on the subject. The review highlights the complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors in ASD development, the diverse morphological presentations, and the evolving treatment strategies, including catheter-based and surgical interventions. Advances in minimally invasive techniques and their implications for pediatric and adult populations are also discussed.

CROSS-SPECIES DEEP LEARNING FOR AUTOMATIC IDENTIFICATION AND BEHAVIOUR ANALYSIS OF ENDANGERED HAWKSBILL SEA TURTLES USING FACIAL SIDE SIMILARITY

Tue, 10 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Onboard accelerometer allows for remote monitoring of animal movement and posture, enabling researchers to infer behaviours. Data scarcity is still a problem in ecology, even with deep learning's automated analytical capabilities. To categorise behaviours using acceleration data of critically endangered hawksbill sea turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata), we investigated transfer learning. In order to tackle a similar problem, transfer learning leverages a model that was trained on one task from a big dataset. We used this technique to detect hawksbill behaviours including swimming, resting, and eating by adapting a model trained on green turtles (Chelonia mydas). Additionally, we contrasted this with a model that was developed using data on human activities. According to the findings, transfer learning from the human and emerald turtle databases improved the F1-score by 4% and 8%, respectively. Through the application of knowledge transfer, researchers may use deep understanding to increase the usage of acceleration sensors for wildlife observation by tailoring current models for the sample animals.

INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS, PRACTICES AND SUSTAINABILITY: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

When you look up the term "environment," you'll find that it refers to the things that surround you, as well as the things that influence the growth and development of humans, animals, and plants. The environment is defined as the physical components of the Earth, such as land, air, and water, that sustain and influence life in the biosphere. It has been said that A. Goudie has considered the environment as a physical representation of Earth's components, in which man is an essential part. A more comprehensive definition of the environment is one that encompasses a wide range of spatial elements and socio-economic systems, each of which has its own unique characteristics. The scope, in turn, could be determined by our own concerns and priorities, which are reflected in our definitions of the environment (Patten,1978). There are many ways to perceive the environment, but it can be fairly said that the environment is an indivisible totality and is composed of the interconnected systems of physical, biological, and cultural aspects. As a result of the physical environment, human habitats were characterised by a wide range of possibilities and constraints. Plants, animals, microbes, and humans are all included in the biosphere. Essentially man-made components (economic, social, and political) make up the cultural environment.