A COMPARATIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE IMPACT OF FOUR COMPONENT INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN (4C/ID) LEARNING MODEL ON KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS REGARDING SAFE ADMINISTRATION OF INTRAVENOUS MEDICATION AMONG 3RD SEMESTER B.SC. NURSING STUDENTS

Bhushan Mitaram Landge, Dr. Shubhangi Malavade

Abstract

Medication administration safety is a critical component of nursing education. IV medication errors pose significant risks to patient safety, often resulting from inadequate knowledge and insufficient skill development among nursing students. The Four Component Instructional Design (4C/ID) model provides a structured approach to teaching complex clinical skills.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of the 4C/ID learning model in enhancing knowledge and skills regarding safe administration of intravenous medication among 3rd semester B.Sc. Nursing students.

Methods: A quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test control group design was used among 70 B.Sc. Nursing students selected through purposive sampling. The experimental group received a 7-day 4C/ID-based educational intervention, while the control group underwent traditional teaching. A validated knowledge questionnaire and skill observation checklist were used. Data were analyzed using paired t-test, independent z-test, and Fisher’s exact test.
Results: A total of 70 students (35 experimental, 35 control) completed the study. Baseline pre-test knowledge and skill scores showed no significant difference between groups (p > 0.05). After the 7-day intervention, the experimental group demonstrated a marked improvement in both knowledge and skill performance. The mean post-test knowledge score increased from 12.48 ± 3.15 to 24.62 ± 2.84, and the mean skill score increased from 6.14 ± 1.92 to 17.45 ± 1.33. In contrast, the control group showed only minimal improvement in knowledge (13.02 ± 3.41 to 15.88 ± 3.02) and skills (6.42 ± 1.86 to 8.21 ±1.77).
Paired t-test and independent z-test revealed a highly significant difference between the experimental and control groups for both knowledge and skills (p < 0.001). The calculated effect size indicated a large educational impact of the 4C/ID model. No socio-demographic variables showed any significant association with baseline pre-test knowledge or skill levels.

Conclusion: The 4C/ID instructional model effectively enhances IV medication safety competence among nursing students. Integration of this model into nursing education may reduce medication errors and improve patient safety outcomes.